Ubatime Calendar and Time

(javascript is required for UTC local time)

Local Time:

Summary

Ubatime is a calendar and time measuring alternative to the Gregorian Calendar and 24:60:60 time with the following general properties:

Although Ubatime is predominately a global time system, it also has local time components.
Each year begins at the start of a day near the winter solstice of the northern hemisphere. There are 365 or 366 days in a year. In modern times, years have the same number as with the Gregorian Calendar for most of the year, but count down to zero and into negative numbers going into the distant past. The days of a year are numbered starting with 0.
Each day begins near 12:00AM UTC. A day is broken down into 100 goons numbered 0 through 99. Each goon is further broken down into 1000 noks numbered 0 through 999.
There is a monthly calendar such that each month begins at the start of a day near the new moon phase of the lunar cycle. Days are grouped into seven-day week cycles that continue across months and years as with the Gregorian Calendar. The days of the month are numbered starting with 0. There are eleven or twelve months in a year along with the possibility of a month spanning across two years. A month that spans across two years is called Ko for the part at the end of one year, Lo for the part at the beginning of the next year, or Jo for the complete month. The months contained entirely within the year are named, in sequence, Do, No, Ba, Na, Za, Ra, Ka, Pa, Da, Ta, So, and Po. Po is only included in years that have twelve full months.
There is also a more uniform seasonal calendar such that the year is broken into four seasons named, in sequence, Tin, Mae, Ban, and Kwe. The lengths of the first three seasons are, in sequence, 91 days, 92 days, and 91 days. Kwe takes up the rest of the year at either 91 or 92 days. Days are grouped into ten-day week cycles that reset at the start of the year. The days of the week are are named, in sequence, Tingo, Maego, Fargo, Bango, Kwego, Lumgo, Pango, Saego, Rango, and Vengo.
Local Time is based on a loon offset in the range of [-49, 50] which is generally derived from the longitude of the location. The loon is calculated by adding the loon offset with the goon, and is used in lieu of the goon. The Local Time day starts at loon 0. The names of the corresponding Local Time months are replaced as Lo to Lu, Ko to Ke, Jo to Je, Do to Du, No to Nu, Ba to Be, Na to Ne, Za to Ze, Ra to Re, Ka to Ke, Pa to Pe, Da to De, Ta to Te, So to Se, and Po to Pu. Week days of the monthly calendar are named, in sequence, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. The names of the corresponding seasonal calendar week days are replaced as Tingo to Tinba, Maego to Maeba, Fargo to Farba, Bango to Banba, Kwego to Kweba, Lumgo to Lumba, Pango to Panba, Saego to Saeba, Rango to Ranba, and Vengo to Venba.
There is also a Raw Time in addition to Global Time and Local Time. Raw Time is a count of noks from a reference time point of January 1, 1972 00:00:00 UTC. Time points after this time point have positive values while those before this time have negative values. Ubatime Raw Time is useful in applications such as electronic or computerized systems that need a simple time counter without the complications of year-end adjustments.

Consider the time of April 1, 2005 5:00 AM UTC. This corresponds to the Ubatime of Tingo, 2005-100-Mae-09-Ba-21 20-832 UBAG. Using an example loon offset of -32, the corresponding Local Time is Thursday, Venba, 2005:099:Mae:08:Be:20 88:832 UBAL. Typically some portions of the time are omitted to reduce clutter, such as Tingo, 2005-Mae-09 UBAG, 2005-100 20-832 UBAG, Ba-21 20 UBAG, Thursday, 2005:099:Be:20 88:832 UBAT-32, 099 UBAL, or any of numerous other variations. A dash is used to separate values in Global Time while a colon is used for Local Time. In summary, the full pattern is:

Week day for the monthly calendar. This is only included for Local Time since Global Time does not include week day names for the montly calendar. This is separated from the remaining portion of the notation using a comma.
Week day for the seasonal calendar. This is separated from the remaining portion of the notation using a comma.
The year. This is written using four digits, except for years outside the range, [-9999, 9999] where more digits are necessary.
The day of the year. This is written using three digits.
The season of the seasonal calendar.
The day of the season of the seasonal calendar. This is written using two digits. Usually the season is also included to distinguish it from the day of the month of the monthly calendar.
The month of the monthly calendar.
The day of the month of the monthly calendar. This is written using two digits. Usually the month is also included to distinguish it from the day of the season of the seasonal calendar.
The goon or loon number. This is written using two digits and is separated from the preceeding portion of the notation using a space.
The nok. This is written using three digits.
The suffix indicating it is Ubatime. The suffix for Global Time is UBAG while the suffix for Local Time is UBAL. Alternatively, a more generic suffix of UBAT can be used to refer to either Global Time or Local Time. UBAT can also be suffixed with a loon offset value to refer to Local Time of a specific loon offset, such as UBAT-32. This suffix is separated from the preceeding portion of the notation using a space.

Normally, a lone three-digit value refers to a day of year instead of a nok. For example, 100 UBAG refers to day 100 of the year instead of nok 100. Similarly, a lone two-digit value normally refers to the goon or loon number instead of the day of the season or month.

For months that span across two years, the names, Lo, Ko, Lu, and Ke, are normally used in favor of Jo and Je to avoid ambiguity. For example, 2005-Jo-18 UBAG can refer to either 2005-Lo-18 UBAG or 2005-Ko-18 UBAG.

Details

Reference Time Point

Ubatime is linked to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) at January 1, 1972 00:00:00 UTC. This time corresponds to exactly 1972-009 00-000 UBAG. For local time, the corresponding week day is Saturday for non-negative loon offsets and Friday for negative loon offsets.

Years

The starting day of each year is calculated starting from 947359 noks before 1972-000 00-000 UBAG. A sequence of time points is formed by adding and subtracting multiples of 36524219 noks from this reference time to form a stream of time points. Each of these time points defines a start of a year by the time of day that the time point is in. If the time point occurs within the first 50 goons of that day, then that day is the first day of a year; otherwise, that day is the last day of a year.

Months

The starting day of each month is calculated starting from 1451699 noks before 1972-000 00-000 UBAG. A sequence of time points is formed by adding and subtracting multiples of 2953059 noks from this reference time to form a stream of time points. Each of these time points defines a start of a month by the time of day that the time point is in. If the time point occurs within the first 50 goons of that day, then that day is the first day of a month; otherwise, that day is the last day of a month.

Days

Each day is broken down into 100 goons. A goon is further broken down into 1000 noks. A nok is defined as 1588486825 ⁄ 1838526354 of a second, or approximately 0.86400003. Since the definition of a second is 9192631770 periods of radiation of the cesium 133 atom under certain conditions [see http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/second.html], a nok can also be described as an an integer number of periods of radiation of the cesium 133 atom under the same conditions.

Adjustments

There are small variations in the rotation of the Earth which cause a small drift in the start of the day with respect to the position of the sun. Adjustments must occasionally be made to correct for this drift. UTC handles this by occasionally introducing leap seconds at certain times of the year as listed here: http://tf.nist.gov/pubs/bulletin/leapsecond.htm. The current drift is approximately one second per year and will gradually increase as the Earth's rotation slows down.

The Ubatime year is approximately 1.267 noks longer than the UTC year. This brings Ubatime more closely aligned with the current rotation speed of the Earth. However, Ubatime still requires occasional adjustments to keep the start of the day coordinated with the position of the sun. Ubatime handles this by lengthing or shortening a given year by a number of noks as appropriate for the needed correction. These adjustments happen at the end of the day of the last day of the year in Global Time, or the corresponding time in the first or last day of the year in Local Time. The adjustment never applies to Ubatime Raw Time.

If a year is lengthened, then the Ubatime clock simply stops right before rolling over to the start of the first day of the next year. For example, an Ubatime clock counting by noks will simply stop at 99-999 UBAG of the last day of the year for the period of adjustment. An Ubatime clock counting in micronoks will stop at 99-999.999999 UBAG for the period of the adjustment.

If a year is shortened, then the year is simply truncated by the amount of the adjustment. For example, if one nok is removed from the year, then one nok after 99-998 UBAG of the last day of the year is 00-000 UBAG of the first day of the following year.

Ubatime adjustments for years other than 1972 are currently defined as whatever is needed to bring the start of the first day of the year as close as possible to 00:00:00 UTC. The year of 1972 has no adjustment. UTC leap second adjustments are announced by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service and generally not known more than a few months into the future. As a result, time calculations before the year 1972 or far into the future are estimates. Ubatime's schedule of adjustments may be redefined later.

Local Time

Ubatime is predominately a global time system such that it is the exact same date and time throughout the world. However, Ubatime also includes a local time elements to express time adjusted for the local region. The foundation of this adjustment is the loon offset. The loon offset can be calculated from the longitude of the location, along with possible adjustments as per local custom.

The loon offset can be calculated as follows:

Draw a line on the globe at the longitude of 1°44'42" West. This line connects the North Pole to the South Pole through portions of the United Kingdom, France, Spain, and Africa. Label this line as having loon offset of zero.
Starting from the original line at 1°44'42" West, draw additional lines on the globe going west at longitudes spaced 3°36' apart up through 178°8'42" West. Label each line as having a loon offset one less than the line immediately to the east. The line at 178°8'42" West is labeled with a loon offset of -49.
Starting from the original line at 1°44'42" West, draw additional lines on the globe going east at longitudes spaced 3°36' apart up through 178°15'18" East. Label each line as having a loon offset one greater than the line immediately to the west. The line at 178°15'18" East is labeled with a loon offset of 50.
For the given location, determine which of these lines is closest to it. The loon offset associated with this line is the loon offset for the location, unless local custom specifies otherwise.
Local custom may alternatively specify the loon offset associated with the second closest line.
In some cases local custom may choose a different loon offset than either of these values. For example, remote ocean island clusters or small nations that cannot quite be contained in one loon offset may be determined by local custom to be entirely in one loon offset.

Calendars

Ubatime has both a Monthly Calendar and a Seasonal Calendar.

Monthly Calendar

The Monthly Calendar is closely aligned with the phases of the moon and the traditional seven-day week. This provides a familiar form of calendar as both the phases of the moon and the seven-day week have long established tradition. However, this brings nonuniformity due to accomodation of natural variations of the cycles of the moon and the sun into an otherwise orderly system.

Seasonal Calendar

The Seasonal Calendar is an alternative to the Monthly Calendar. The year is broken into four seasons, each of which is 91 or 92 days and corresponds closely with the seasons of the year. The traditional seven-day week is replaced with a ten-day week. Each year starts at the beginning of a new week, resulting in the last week of the year having only the first five or six days.

The Seasonal Calendar is the same each year, except that Kwe is only 91 days in a 365-day year but it is 92 days in a 366-day year. The same Seasonal Calendar can be used every year where day 91 of Kwe is disregarded for years that have only 365 days.

The only difference in the Seasonal Calendar between Global Time and Local Time is the names of the week days. However, the abbreviations are consistent between Global Time and Local Time, so a calendar printed using abbreviations for the names of the week days can be used for either Global Time or Local Time.

The Seasonal Calendar is designed to be easy for humans to work with. For example, consider 136 UBAG (i.e. day number 136 of the year, or the 137th day of the year). By memorizing the starting day of each season (0, 91, 183, and 274), it can be determined that this day is in the second season, or Mae, and the day is 136-91=45. This corresponds to Mae-45 UBAG. The week day can be determined by taking the last digit of 136 (i.e. 6) to determine the weekday number 6: Pango. Another way of determining the week day is to start with the last digit of the day of the season (i.e. 5) and advancing 5 week days from the week day that the season starts. The season starts on the week day that has a similar name to the season, or Maego. Advancing 5 week days from Maego (e.g. Fargo, Bango, Kwego, Lumgo, Pango) brings us to Pango.

Seasonal Calendar

Tin
T	M	F	B	K	L	P	S	R	V
0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19
20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29
30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39
40	41	42	43	44	45	46	47	48	49
50	51	52	53	54	55	56	57	58	59
60	61	62	63	64	65	66	67	68	69
70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79
80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87	88	89
90	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8

Mae
T	M	F	B	K	L	P	S	R	V
90	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28
29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38
39	40	41	42	43	44	45	46	47	48
49	50	51	52	53	54	55	56	57	58
59	60	61	62	63	64	65	66	67	68
69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78
79	80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87	88
89	90	91	0	1	2	3	4	5	6

Ban
T	M	F	B	K	L	P	S	R	V
89	90	91	0	1	2	3	4	5	6
7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26
27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36
37	38	39	40	41	42	43	44	45	46
47	48	49	50	51	52	53	54	55	56
57	58	59	60	61	62	63	64	65	66
67	68	69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76
77	78	79	80	81	82	83	84	85	86
87	88	89	90	0	1	2	3	4	5

Kwe
T	M	F	B	K	L	P	S	R	V
87	88	89	90	0	1	2	3	4	5
6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35
36	37	38	39	40	41	42	43	44	45
46	47	48	49	50	51	52	53	54	55
56	57	58	59	60	61	62	63	64	65
66	67	68	69	70	71	72	73	74	75
76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	84	85
86	87	88	89	90	91

Appendix A: Terminology

The following table lists various terms related to Ubatime along with their pronounciation in the International Phonetic Alphabet. For some terms, an alternative spelling may also be provided.

Some of the pronounciation symbols may not display correctly using older web browsers or with fonts that are missing the appropriate characters.

*Table A.1: Terminology and Pronunciations*
Term:	Alternate:	Pronounciation:	Description:
Global Time Month Names:
Jo	Jo	ʤoʊ	a year-spanning month
Lo	Lo	loʊ	the portion of a year-spanning month that is at the start of a year
Ko	Ko	koʊ	the portion of a year-spanning month that is at the end of a year
Do	Do	doʊ	the first month completely within a year
No	No	noʊ	the second month completely within a year
Ba	Ba	bɔ	the third month completely within a year
Na	Na	nɔ	the fourth month completely within a year
Za	Za	zɔ	the fifth month completely within a year
Ra	Ra	rɔ	the sixth month completely within a year
Ka	Ka	kɔ	the seventh month completely within a year
Pa	Pa	pɔ	the eighth month completely within a year
Da	Da	dɔ	the ninth month completely within a year
Ta	Ta	tɔ	the tenth month completely within a year
So	So	soʊ	the eleventh month completely within a year
Po	Po	poʊ	the twelfth month completely within a year (if applicable)
Local Time Month Names:
Je	Je	ʤi	a year-spanning month
Lu	Lu	lu	the portion of a year-spanning month that is at the start of a year
Ke	Ke	ki	the portion of a year-spanning month that is at the end of a year
Du	Du	lu	the first month completely within a year
Nu	Nu	nu	the second month completely within a year
Be	Be	bi	the third month completely within a year
Ne	Ne	ni	the fourth month completely within a year
Ze	Ze	zi	the fifth month completely within a year
Re	Re	ri	the sixth month completely within a year
Ke	Ke	ki	the seventh month completely within a year
Pe	Pe	pi	the eighth month completely within a year
De	De	di	the ninth month completely within a year
Te	Te	ti	the tenth month completely within a year
Se	Se	si	the eleventh month completely within a year
Pu	Pu	pu	the twelfth month completely within a year (if applicable)
Seasonal Calendar Season Names (Global and Local Time):
Tin	Tin	tɪn	the first season of the year
Mae	Mae	meɪ	the second season of the year
Ban	Ban	bæn	the third season of the year
Kwe	Kwe	kweɪ	the fourth season of the year
Global Time Seasonal Calendar Week Days:
Tingo	Tingo	tɪngoʊ	the first week day of the seasonal calendar
Maego	Maego	meɪgoʊ	the second week day of the seasonal calendar
Fargo	Fargo	fɑrgoʊ	the third week day of the seasonal calendar
Bango	Bango	bængoʊ	the fourth week day of the seasonal calendar
Kwego	Kwego	kweɪgoʊ	the fifth week day of the seasonal calendar
Lumgo	Lumgo	lʌmgoʊ	the sixth week day of the seasonal calendar
Pango	Pango	pængoʊ	the seventh week day of the seasonal calendar
Saego	Saego	seɪgoʊ	the eighth week day of the seasonal calendar
Rango	Rango	rængoʊ	the ninth week day of the seasonal calendar
Vengo	Vengo	vɛngoʊ	the tenth week day of the seasonal calendar
Local Time Seasonal Calendar Week Days:
Tinba	Tinba	tɪnbʌ	the first week day of the seasonal calendar
Maeba	Maeba	meɪbʌ	the second week day of the seasonal calendar
Farba	Farba	fɑrbʌ	the third week day of the seasonal calendar
Banba	Banba	bænbʌ	the fourth week day of the seasonal calendar
Kweba	Kweba	kweɪbʌ	the fifth week day of the seasonal calendar
Lumba	Lumba	lʌmbʌ	the sixth week day of the seasonal calendar
Panba	Panba	pænbʌ	the seventh week day of the seasonal calendar
Saeba	Saeba	seɪbʌ	the eighth week day of the seasonal calendar
Ranba	Ranba	rænbʌ	the ninth week day of the seasonal calendar
Venba	Venba	vɛnbʌ	the tenth week day of the seasonal calendar